有的时候,一个自定义的鼠标光标能给你的程序增色不少。本文这里介绍一下如何在.net桌面程序中自定义鼠标光标。由于.net的桌面程序分为WinForm和WPF两种,这里分别介绍一下。
WinForm程序
对于WinForm程序,可以通过修改Control.Cursor属性来实现光标的修改,如果我们有光标文件的话,可以直接通过如下代码实现自定义光标:
this.Cursor = new Cursor("myCursor.cur");
但这种方式不是本文介绍的重点,本文主要介绍如何自己绘制光标,这样则具有更多的可控性和灵活性。
创建一个自定义光标,首先需要定义需要一个光标结构 ,它的.net版本如下:
public struct IconInfo { public bool fIcon; public int xHotspot; public int yHotspot; public IntPtr hbmMask; public IntPtr hbmColor; }
然后通过 and 两个函数来合成光标。完整代码如下:
1 public class CursorHelper 2 { 3 static class NativeMethods 4 { 5 public struct IconInfo 6 { 7 public bool fIcon; 8 public int xHotspot; 9 public int yHotspot;10 public IntPtr hbmMask;11 public IntPtr hbmColor;12 }13 14 [DllImport("user32.dll")]15 public static extern IntPtr CreateIconIndirect(ref IconInfo icon);16 17 18 [DllImport("user32.dll")]19 [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]20 public static extern bool GetIconInfo(IntPtr hIcon, ref IconInfo pIconInfo);21 }22 23 public static Cursor CreateCursor(Bitmap bmp, int xHotSpot, int yHotSpot)24 {25 var icon = new NativeMethods.IconInfo26 {27 xHotspot = xHotSpot,28 yHotspot = yHotSpot,29 fIcon = false30 };31 32 NativeMethods.GetIconInfo(bmp.GetHicon(), ref icon);33 return new Cursor(NativeMethods.CreateIconIndirect(ref icon));34 }35 }
测试代码为:
using (Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(21, 26)) using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bitmap)) { g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Red, 0, 0, 20, 25); this.Cursor = CursorHelper.CreateCursor(bitmap, 3, 3); }
WPF程序
至于WPF程序,和WinForm程序是非常类似的,一方面,它也可以通过光标文件来实现写入Cursor属性来自定义光标文件。
至于自己绘制光标,上面的代码基本上也是可以复用的,不过相对的要重新封装一下,完整代码如下:
1 public class CursorHelper 2 { 3 static class NativeMethods 4 { 5 public struct IconInfo 6 { 7 public bool fIcon; 8 public int xHotspot; 9 public int yHotspot;10 public IntPtr hbmMask;11 public IntPtr hbmColor;12 }13 14 [DllImport("user32.dll")]15 public static extern SafeIconHandle CreateIconIndirect(ref IconInfo icon);16 17 [DllImport("user32.dll")]18 public static extern bool DestroyIcon(IntPtr hIcon);19 20 [DllImport("user32.dll")]21 [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]22 public static extern bool GetIconInfo(IntPtr hIcon, ref IconInfo pIconInfo);23 }24 25 [SecurityPermission(SecurityAction.LinkDemand, UnmanagedCode = true)]26 class SafeIconHandle : SafeHandleZeroOrMinusOneIsInvalid27 {28 public SafeIconHandle()29 : base(true)30 {31 }32 33 protected override bool ReleaseHandle()34 {35 return NativeMethods.DestroyIcon(handle);36 }37 }38 39 static Cursor InternalCreateCursor(System.Drawing.Bitmap bitmap, int xHotSpot, int yHotSpot)40 {41 var iconInfo = new NativeMethods.IconInfo42 {43 xHotspot = xHotSpot,44 yHotspot = yHotSpot,45 fIcon = false46 };47 48 NativeMethods.GetIconInfo(bitmap.GetHicon(), ref iconInfo);49 50 var cursorHandle = NativeMethods.CreateIconIndirect(ref iconInfo);51 return CursorInteropHelper.Create(cursorHandle);52 }53 54 public static Cursor CreateCursor(UIElement element, int xHotSpot = 0, int yHotSpot = 0)55 {56 element.Measure(new Size(double.PositiveInfinity, double.PositiveInfinity));57 element.Arrange(new Rect(new Point(), element.DesiredSize));58 59 var renderTargetBitmap = new RenderTargetBitmap(60 (int)element.DesiredSize.Width, (int)element.DesiredSize.Height,61 96, 96, PixelFormats.Pbgra32);62 63 renderTargetBitmap.Render(element);64 65 var encoder = new PngBitmapEncoder();66 encoder.Frames.Add(BitmapFrame.Create(renderTargetBitmap));67 68 using (var memoryStream = new MemoryStream())69 {70 encoder.Save(memoryStream);71 using (var bitmap = new System.Drawing.Bitmap(memoryStream))72 {73 return InternalCreateCursor(bitmap, xHotSpot, yHotSpot);74 }75 }76 }77 }
需要注意的是,由于使用的System.Drawing.BitMap,是需要引用System.Drawing.dll的
封装之后,是可以直接传入UIElement作为自绘制的光标的,得益于WPF的强大绘图功能,是可以非常容易的绘制漂亮的光标的。测试代码如下:
this.Cursor= CursorHelper.CreateCursor(new UserControl1());